The human ear is divided into three parts: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. Each part can develop a specific type of infection, with unique causes and symptoms. This article will explore the three main types of ear infections.
Types of Ear Infections
Ear infections are classified into three types based on the location of the infection in the ear.
Outer Ear Infections- Otitis Externa
Outer ear infections, also known as otitis externa, occur in the external part of the ear, including the ear canal. These infections are the second most common type of ear infection, after middle ear infections. They are often caused by bacteria, fungi, or a combination of both, and occasionally by viruses.
Types of Outer Ear Infections
Circumscribed Otitis Externa: It is a localized infection that affects only a specific area of the outer ear primarily the outer end of the ear canal. This condition is characterized by the formation of a boil in the ear canal, usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Diffuse Otitis Externa: Unlike circumscribed otitis externa, which is localized, diffuse otitis externa is a widespread infection that involves the entire external ear canal. It is typically caused by bacterial, fungal, or mixed infections.
Diffuse otitis externa can be further categorized into various subtypes.
Bacterial Otitis Externa
Malignant Otitis Externa
Bullous Myringitis Haemorrhagica: Bullous myringitis is a condition involving the eardrum, where fluid-filled blisters form on its surface. It is usually caused by a virus and occasionally by bacteria.
Middle Ear Infections- Otitis Media
Otitis media, or middle ear infection, is the most common type of ear infection. It occurs in the middle ear and is often a secondary infection that develops following conditions such as a cold, allergies, or chronic sinus infection.
Types of Middle Ear Infections
Acute Suppurative Otitis Media or Acute Otitis Media
Serous Otitis Media
Otitis Media with Effusion
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media or Cholesteatoma bone– eroding ear disease
Inner Ear Infections- Otitis Interna
Inner ear infections, also known as otitis interna, affect the innermost part of the ear responsible for hearing and balance. It is usually a secondary infection, often resulting from an untreated middle ear infection.
Types of Inner Ear Infections
Labyrinthitis
Vestibulitis
Understanding types of ear infections is essential, as each type exhibits unique symptoms and causes, necessitating tailored treatment strategies. So, if you experience persistent symptoms like ear pain, hearing loss, or dizziness, consult an ENT specialist immediately.
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